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Characteristics of EDM are as follows:
1. The energy density of pulse discharge is high, which is convenient for processing special materials and workpieces with complex shapes that are difficult or impossible to process with ordinary mechanical processing methods. Not affected by material hardness, not affected by heat treatment conditions.
2. The duration of pulse discharge is extremely short, the heat conduction and diffusion range generated during discharge is small, and the material is affected by heat in a small range.
3. During processing, the tool electrode is not in contact with the workpiece material, and the macroscopic force between the two is extremely small. The tool electrode material does not need to be harder than the workpiece material, therefore, the tool electrode is easy to manufacture.
4. It can reform the structure of the workpiece, simplify the processing technology, improve the service life of the workpiece, and reduce the labor intensity of the workers.
Based on the above characteristics, the main uses of EDM are as follows:
1) Manufacture of punching dies, plastic dies, forging dies and die-casting dies.
2) Machining small holes, deformed holes and threaded screw holes on cemented carbide.
3) Cut out parts in sheet metal.
4) Process narrow seams.
5) Grinding flat and round surfaces.
6) Others, such as strengthening the metal surface, taking out broken tools, piercing on quenched parts, and directly processing parts with complex shapes, etc.
At present, the main EDM materials are: copper electrode and graphite electrode. The advantages of graphite materials in EDM processing are obvious: the efficiency of milling electrodes and electric discharge machining is significantly better than that of copper electrodes, the weight of large electrodes is small, the size stability is good, the thin electrode is not easy to deform, and the surface texture is better than that of copper electrodes. copper.
The selection of graphite electrode materials for EDM, for graphite materials, there are mainly the following four indicators that directly determine the performance of the material:
1) The average particle sizes of the material
The average particle sizes of the material directly affects the discharge condition of the material. The smaller the average particle size of the graphite material, the more uniform the discharge of the material, the more stable the discharge condition, the better the surface quality, and the smaller the loss; the larger the average particle size, the better the removal rate in rough machining, However, the finishing surface effect is poor, and the electrode loss is relatively large.
2) The flexural strength of the material
The flexural strength of a material is a direct reflection of the strength of the material, showing the tightness of the internal structure of the material. High-strength materials have relatively good discharge wear resistance. For electrodes that require high precision, materials with better strength should be selected as much as possible.
3) Shore hardness of the material
The hardness of graphite is higher than that of metal materials, and the loss of tools during cutting is greater than that of cutting metals. At the same time, graphite materials with high hardness are better in controlling discharge loss.
4) The intrinsic resistivity of the material
The graphite material with higher intrinsic resistivity will discharge slower than the one with lower resistivity. The higher the intrinsic resistivity, the smaller the electrode loss, but when the intrinsic resistivity is too high, the discharge stability will be affected.
It is usually classified according to the average particle sizes of graphite materials. Particle diameter ≤ φ4 μm is defined as fine graphite; particle diameter is φ5~φ10 μm is defined as medium graphite, and particle sizes above 10 μm is defined as coarse graphite. The smaller the particle sizes are, the more expensive the price of the material. Customers can choose the appropriate graphite material according to the EDM requirements and cost.
At present, our company mainly promotes two types of EDM special graphite materials with high cost effective.
The technical parameters are as follows:
Materials | LTHG-F2 | LTJG-1.8 |
Bulk Density g/cm3 | 1.83-1.88 | 1.78-1.82 |
Electrical Resistivity uΩ·m | 8-10 | ≤13 |
Flexural Strength MPa | ≥50 | ≥35 |
Compressive Strength MPa | ≥65 | |
Ash content % | ≤0.05 | ≤0.05 |
Graininess | 5-10 microns | 15-20 microns |
Characteristics of EDM are as follows:
1. The energy density of pulse discharge is high, which is convenient for processing special materials and workpieces with complex shapes that are difficult or impossible to process with ordinary mechanical processing methods. Not affected by material hardness, not affected by heat treatment conditions.
2. The duration of pulse discharge is extremely short, the heat conduction and diffusion range generated during discharge is small, and the material is affected by heat in a small range.
3. During processing, the tool electrode is not in contact with the workpiece material, and the macroscopic force between the two is extremely small. The tool electrode material does not need to be harder than the workpiece material, therefore, the tool electrode is easy to manufacture.
4. It can reform the structure of the workpiece, simplify the processing technology, improve the service life of the workpiece, and reduce the labor intensity of the workers.
Based on the above characteristics, the main uses of EDM are as follows:
1) Manufacture of punching dies, plastic dies, forging dies and die-casting dies.
2) Machining small holes, deformed holes and threaded screw holes on cemented carbide.
3) Cut out parts in sheet metal.
4) Process narrow seams.
5) Grinding flat and round surfaces.
6) Others, such as strengthening the metal surface, taking out broken tools, piercing on quenched parts, and directly processing parts with complex shapes, etc.
At present, the main EDM materials are: copper electrode and graphite electrode. The advantages of graphite materials in EDM processing are obvious: the efficiency of milling electrodes and electric discharge machining is significantly better than that of copper electrodes, the weight of large electrodes is small, the size stability is good, the thin electrode is not easy to deform, and the surface texture is better than that of copper electrodes. copper.
The selection of graphite electrode materials for EDM, for graphite materials, there are mainly the following four indicators that directly determine the performance of the material:
1) The average particle sizes of the material
The average particle sizes of the material directly affects the discharge condition of the material. The smaller the average particle size of the graphite material, the more uniform the discharge of the material, the more stable the discharge condition, the better the surface quality, and the smaller the loss; the larger the average particle size, the better the removal rate in rough machining, However, the finishing surface effect is poor, and the electrode loss is relatively large.
2) The flexural strength of the material
The flexural strength of a material is a direct reflection of the strength of the material, showing the tightness of the internal structure of the material. High-strength materials have relatively good discharge wear resistance. For electrodes that require high precision, materials with better strength should be selected as much as possible.
3) Shore hardness of the material
The hardness of graphite is higher than that of metal materials, and the loss of tools during cutting is greater than that of cutting metals. At the same time, graphite materials with high hardness are better in controlling discharge loss.
4) The intrinsic resistivity of the material
The graphite material with higher intrinsic resistivity will discharge slower than the one with lower resistivity. The higher the intrinsic resistivity, the smaller the electrode loss, but when the intrinsic resistivity is too high, the discharge stability will be affected.
It is usually classified according to the average particle sizes of graphite materials. Particle diameter ≤ φ4 μm is defined as fine graphite; particle diameter is φ5~φ10 μm is defined as medium graphite, and particle sizes above 10 μm is defined as coarse graphite. The smaller the particle sizes are, the more expensive the price of the material. Customers can choose the appropriate graphite material according to the EDM requirements and cost.
At present, our company mainly promotes two types of EDM special graphite materials with high cost effective.
The technical parameters are as follows:
Materials | LTHG-F2 | LTJG-1.8 |
Bulk Density g/cm3 | 1.83-1.88 | 1.78-1.82 |
Electrical Resistivity uΩ·m | 8-10 | ≤13 |
Flexural Strength MPa | ≥50 | ≥35 |
Compressive Strength MPa | ≥65 | |
Ash content % | ≤0.05 | ≤0.05 |
Graininess | 5-10 microns | 15-20 microns |
