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Crystalline graphite (or flake graphite) is essentially natural graphite, referring to graphite minerals found in nature that possess a well-
developed crystal structure and visible crystal forms; man-made materials are typically referred to as "artificial graphite" or "synthetic
graphite" and are generally not simply called "crystalline graphite."
Core Definitions
**Crystalline Graphite = Natural Crystalline Graphite:** Formed through geological processes with an ordered crystal arrangement (e.g.,
flake or lump/dense crystalline forms); classified as a natural non-metallic mineral.
**Artificial Graphite:** Produced from raw materials such as petroleum coke via high-temperature graphitization. Although it possesses
a graphite crystal structure, it is termed "artificial graphite" in the industry; its degree of crystallinity is generally lower than that of
natural flake graphite.
Main Forms of Natural Crystalline Graphite
**Flake Graphite:** Crystals appear as fish-like scales (hexagonal crystal system); it offers the best lubricity and plasticity, as well as the
highest industrial value.
**Dense Crystalline Graphite (Lump Graphite):** Crystals are visible to the naked eye and arranged haphazardly in lumps; it has a high
grade (carbon content of 60%–98%) but lacks the lubricity of flake graphite.
*Note: Cryptocrystalline graphite (amorphous/earthy graphite) consists of extremely fine crystals (<1 μm) requiring electron
microscopy for observation; it is sometimes classified separately and does not fall under the category of graphite with "distinct
crystallinity."